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主题：冬至---你吃饺子了吗？
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Winter solstice（冬至）
冬至是我国农历中一个非常重要的节气，也是一个传统节日，至今不少地方仍有过冬至节的习俗。在二十四节气中，冬至节是被最早制定出来的一个，时间约在每年12月22日至23日左右。冬至是北半球全年中白天最短、黑夜最长的一天，过了冬至，白天就会一天天变长,各地气候都进入一个最寒冷的阶段，也就是人们常说的“进九”，我国民间有“冷在三九，热在三伏”的说法。
现在，一些地方还把冬至作为一个节日来过。北方地区有冬至宰羊，吃饺子、吃馄饨的习俗，南方地区在这一天则有吃冬至米团、冬至长线面的习惯。各个地区在冬至这一天还有祭天祭祖的习俗。
 
Winter solstice is a very important solar term in Chinese Lunar calendar.
Being a traditional holiday as well, it is still now celebrated quite often in many regions. Early during the Spring and Autumn period, 2500 odd years from now, Winter solsticewas first determined as the Chinese traditional solar term among the total 24 terms. In Gregorian calendar, it is around Dec 22nd or 23rd.
Midwinter day is the very day in North hemisphere with the shortest day and longest night year-round. After it, daytime will become increasingly longer and the coldest clime will invade all the places on the Northern part of the globe. We Chinese always call it "JinJiu", which means once Winter solstice comes, we will meet the coldest time ahead.
That conclusion is proved well founded. According to scientific results, on Winter solstice, a right angle is formed by the sun and the tropic of carpricorn. Thus, the North hemisphere receives the least sunlight and the shortest day and longest night occur.
Ancient china did pay great attention to this holiday, regarding it as a big event. There was the saying that "Winter solstice holiday is greater than the spring festival". Nowadays, many regions still celebrate it as a big holiday. Northerners may have dumplings and raviolis that day while southerners may have dumplings made by rice and long noodles. Some places even have the tradition to offer sacrifices to the heaven and earth.
■冬至不端饺子碗冻掉耳朵没人管
《汉书》中说：“冬至阳气起，君道长，故贺。”人们认为：过了冬至，白昼一天比一天长，阳气回升，是一个节气循环的开始，也是一个吉日，应该庆贺．
冬至俗称“冬节”、“长至节”、“亚岁”等。早在两千五百多年前的春秋时代，我国已经用土圭观测太阳测定出冬至来了，它是二十四节气中最早制定出的一个。冬至过节源于汉代，盛于唐宋，相沿至今。《清嘉录》甚至有“冬至大如年”之说。
每年农历冬至这天，不论贫富，饺子是必不可少的节日饭。谚云：“十月一，冬至到，家家户户吃水饺。”这种习俗，是因纪念“医圣”张仲景冬至舍药留下的。他著《伤寒杂病论》，集医家之大成，被历代医者奉为经典。
张仲景有名言：“进则救世，退则救民；不能为良相，亦当为良医。”东汉时他曾任长沙太守，访病施药，大堂行医。后毅然辞官回乡，为乡邻治病。其返乡之时，正是冬季。他看到白河两岸乡亲面黄肌瘦，饥寒交迫，不少人的耳朵都冻烂了，便让其弟子在南阳东关搭起医棚，支起大锅，在冬至那天舍“祛寒娇耳汤”医治冻疮。他把羊肉、辣椒和一些驱寒药材放在锅里熬煮，然后将羊肉、药物捞出来切碎，用面包成耳朵样的“娇耳”，煮熟后，分给来求药的人每人两只“娇耳”，一大碗肉汤。
人们吃了“娇耳”，喝了“祛寒汤”，浑身暖和，两耳发热，冻伤的耳朵都治好了。后人学着“娇耳”的样子，包成食物，也叫“饺子”或“扁食”。
冬至吃饺子，是不忘“医圣”张仲景“祛寒娇耳汤”之恩。至今南阳仍有“冬至不端饺子碗，冻掉耳朵没人管”的民谣。
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楼主 Date: 2006-12-23 08:37:56
